Active Surveillance (AS) is an alternative modality to radical treatment in patients with low-risk prostate cancer. There is a considerable role for AS in carefully selected patients. However the differentiation of clinically important prostate cancer from low risk disease is a major problem. Although more accurate grading was provided with the developments in prostate biopsy techniques, imaging and tumor markers still there is no standard method. This review was aimed to evaluate new developments that might affect the treatment decision in AS patients with prostate cancer.
Keywords: Prostate cancer, active surveillance, magnetic resonance imaging, marker