Benign prostatic hyperplasia causes lower urinary tract symptoms, especially with the advancing age in men. Drugs can be administered with somehow low efficacy or operation can be performed. Treatment strategies with low risk as drugs but highly efficient like operations are being investigated. Among the treatments aiming to subside the bothersome effects of prostatic adenoma, microwave thermotherapy is one of the promising methods. Principles of thermotherapy are investigated and comments on its results are made in this article.