ABSTRACT

Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is increasingly used for the treatment of recurrent or metastatic prostate cancer. ADT is associated with an increased risk of multiple side effects that may reduce quality of life and even overall survival. ADT increase fat mass, decrease lean body mass and insulin sensitivity. ADT also increase serum levels of triglycerides and cholesterol. Moreover, ADT induced changes may increase the risk of cardiovascular mortality. Urologists should discuss the possible benefits and side effects in detail with patients prior to starting ADT especially in patients with known risk factors for cardiovascular mortality. The aim of this paper is to review the existing literature to understand the metabolic side effects of ADT in patients with prostate cancer.