ABSTRACT

Benign prostatic hyperplasia in the aging male is a progressive condition with or without lower urinary tract symptoms. Uroflowmetry and LUTS are not sufficient in the diagnosis of bladder outlet obstruction. Uroflowmetry is easy to perform in the clinic setting. However, it is unable to differentiate between BOO and detrusor under activity. The established gold standard for the diagnosis of BOO is the pressure-flow study. However, PFS is an invasive procedure with possible side effects. Thus, several non-invasive ultrasonographic diagnostic tests of BOO has been ongoing for many years. Many parameters including post-void residual volume, prostate volume, bladder wall thickness, resistive index, and intravesical prostatic protrusion have been investigated up to date.