Surgical therapy is the curative treatment modality with no alternative regarding the organ confined renal cell carcinoma(RCC). Venous involvement of RCC within the spectrum from renal ven to right atrium is not seen rarely. Surgical aprroach to these cases makes many surgeons stressfull and anxious. Surgical approaches to RCC with venous thrombus are rewieved in this papper.

Article is only available in PDF format. Show PDF